منابع مشابه
Probabilsitic semantics and defaults
There is much interest in providing proba-· bilistic semantics for defaults but most ap proaches seem to suffer from one of two prob lems: either they require numbers, a problem defaults were intended to avoid, or they gen erate peculiar side effects. Rather than provide semantics to defaults, we address the original problem that defaults were intended to solve: that of reasoning un der unc...
متن کاملSpecifying with defaults: Compositional semantics
We present an abstract specification theory that formalizes non-monotonic composition constructs from specification languages providing explicit non-monotonic mechanisms as a specification facility. This theory generalizes the institutional framework from Goguen and Burstall by adding defeasibility mechanisms to a given institution. The denotation of a specification module consists of defaults ...
متن کاملInstantiation Semantics of Temporal Defaults
Defaults are useful in temporal logic, e.g. in order to formalize implicit negation, the “minimal change” frame rule, and inheritance with overriding. Temporal specification formalisms usually have such defaults built-in, but the on-going discussion about the right implicit assumptions suggests that these assumptions are application-dependent and should be explicitly specified by means of defau...
متن کاملOn the Semantics of Supernormal Defaults
Our aim is to clarify which nonmonotonic consequence relation |∼∆ is given by a set ∆ of “supernormal” defaults, i.e. defaults of the form (true : δ)/δ. There are in fact a number of proposals for |∼∆ (e.g. the skeptical and the credulous semantics). In this paper we look at the space of all possible default semantics and try to characterize the known ones by their properties, especially the va...
متن کاملNuclear Rises in Update Semantics∗
The main goal of this paper is to argue for an analysis of final rises in American English as ‘intonational adverbs’ expressing epistemic uncertainty. Furthermore, it is suggested that the question-like behavior of declaratives with final rises can be derived as a secondary effect from maxims of rational conversation and is not directly due to their intonational properties. The advantage of thi...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Philosophical Logic
سال: 1996
ISSN: 0022-3611,1573-0433
DOI: 10.1007/bf00248150